To start a new section, hold down the apple+shift keys and click to release this object and type the section title in the box below. Research methodology The companies included in this research have been identified according to their UK Standard Industry Classification (SIC) codes, as defined by their registration at Companies House. The UK SIC 2007 codes covered by this report are: • 581 – publishing of books, periodicals and other publishing activities • 59 – motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities • 60 – programming and broadcasting activities (includes radio and TV) and • 731 – Advertising In addition, we have included a small number of companies whose SIC code is not included in the list above but who we believe are part of the UK media industry, due to their tight interrelation with the other companies in our ranking, or because their main competitor set is included in our definitions. The most notable examples are Thomson Reuters, Google and Facebook. Where possible, we have removed duplicated entities and used group consolidated results where an eligible group company registered in the UK exists. Where a group parent company does not exist, does not meet the profile of a media company, is not registered in the UK or does not consolidate the results, the subsidiaries are shown separately (for example, Penguin and Random House). Associate companies are presented separately from their ultimate owners, as associate revenues are not included in the consolidated figures of the parent company. The data covers media and entertainment companies who are registered in the UK. This approach provides us with a consistent basis on which to rank companies, but it does mean that some large, global media and entertainment organisations with a UK presence may be excluded because revenues generated in the UK exist within a company that is registered elsewhere. Conversely, some UK entities recognise all of their global revenue in their UK-based company. Where companies report their results in a currency other than British Pound, their results have been converted using the average exchange rate for their reporting period. Financial information has been sourced exclusively from publicly available information ranging from 34